This page was last edited on 22 december 2018, at 17. Noctuidae has recently extended its already considerable geographical range from europe, africa, asia and australasia to the new world. Biopesticide properties for helicoverpa zea nucleopolyhedrovirus, including approvals, environmental fate, ecotoxicity and human health issues. Adults are medium sized moths with wingspans of 3245 mm. A baculovirus found widely in nature and used to control helicoverpa and heliothis species example pests controlled. The 58 lyonets gland of helicoverpa zea is composed of multiple elongate lobes of 30500 micrometers each. The population ecology of helicoverpa armigera in smallholder crops in kenya with emphasis on its natural enemies. It has since been reported from the brazilian states of mato grosso, goias, bahia, distrito federal, parana, roraima, and piaui.
Key words helicoverpa zea, cry1ac, heritability of resistance. The corn earworm, helicoverpa zea boddie, also known as the cotton bollworm, is variable in color, ranging from yellow, pink, green, and sometimes almost black. Interpreting variable laboratory measurements of helicoverpa zea boddie. This type of dispersal is mostly independent of wind currents. They are more common in the northern or coastal regions of eastern australia, particularly in warmer. Helicoverpa zea detailing the physical features, habits, territorial reach and other identifying qualities of the corn earworm moth. Corn earworm helicoverpa zea university of illinois. Helicoverpa species valent biosciences biorational. Alternating light and dark stripes usually mark the body. They are more common in eastern australia, particularly in warmer regions such as northern new south wales and southern queensland. Thus, areas have overwintering, both overwintering and immigrant, or immigrant populations, depending on location and weather. Because it feeds directly on the market product, is difficult to control, and is common in high numbers at the end of the season, most insecticides used on sweet corn target this pest.
It was formally reported as present in brazil 1,2,3,4,5,6 and paraguay in 20, and argentina in 2014, but given the extent of the area infested and high abundance see below. Insects of hawaii a manual of the insects of the hawaiian islands, including enumeration of the species and notes of the origin, distribution, hosts, parasites, etc. The potential distribution of invading helicoverpa armigera. Corn earworm helicoverpa zea insect fact sheet integrated pest management description life cycle injury corn earworm larva corn earworm adult corn earworm eggs university of illinois the corn earworm, also known as the tomato fruitworm and the cotton bollworm, feeds on a number of crops including corn, tomato, cotton. Corn earworm moth helicoverpa zea boddie, 1850 family. Queensland the smart state understanding helicoverpa ecology and biology in southern queensland. Helicoverpa armigera was first reported as established in brazil in early 20 in the states of goias, bahia, and mato grosso czepak et al. Corn earworm helicoverpa zea is potentially the greatest threat to sweet corn production.
The corn earworm is a common and widely distributed pest that has been recorded from all states and territories within australia. All photos included on this page can only be used for educational purposes. Hindwing whitish with dark gray veins and border, with surrounds whitish patch at midpoint of outermargin. Stateprovince jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec. Because helicoverpa is a worldwide genus with many polyphagous species, larvae can be intercepted from nearly any origin on most any host. An insects cold hardiness affects its potential to overwinter and outbreak in different geographic regions.
In europe, africa, asia, and australia they also call this moth the cotton bollworm, but its a different species, helicoverpa armigera well call it h. Noctuidae are allopatric species and occur in important agricultural crops. Larva of corn earworm, helicoverpa zea boddie, darker form. Pdf crossresistance to toxins used in pyramided bt. Pdf the spread of helicoverpa armigera lepidoptera. Helicoverpa zea helizeoverview eppo global database. We therefore undertook a survey of some of the available lepidopteran species that are used routinely in our laboratory, namely helicoverpa zea, heliothis virescens, and heliothis.
All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Heliothis obsoleta is now a synonym of the corn earworm, h. Fitness costs associated with cry1acresistant helicoverpa zea. Occurrence and ear damage of helicoverpa zea on transgenic. Effects of timing and insecticide on management of helicoverpa zea. Lyonet s gland of the tomato fruitworm, ihelicoverpa zeai. Helicoverpa zea has been listed as one of the natural sciences good articles under the good article criteria. Crossresistance to toxins used in pyramided bt crops and resistance to bt sprays in helicoverpa zea article pdf available in journal of invertebrate pathology 2.
The larva of the moth helicoverpa zea is a major agricultural pest. Helicoverpa zea is known by numerous different common names including cotton bollworm or corn earworm, and many others specific to the crop on which it can be found. Burkness department of entomology, university of minnesota. Forewing yellowish tan with variable reddish brown, olive green, or gray markings and shading. Characteristics of adult male genitalia and nucleotide sequence. Helicoverpa zea oxford academic journals oxford university press. Helicoverpa is a genus of moths in the family noctuidae first described by david f. Heliothis stombleri okumura and bauer is a new synonym of h. Adults are variable in color, but the front wings are usually yellowishbrown and.
Once earworm has become established within the ear, control. Field manual of techniques in invertebrate pathology. Larva of corn earworm, helicoverpa zea boddie, lightcolored form. The potential distribution of invading helicoverpa. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Therefore, no additional, environmental fate and residue data are being required. Since it is polyphagous feeds on many different plants during the larval stage, the species has been given many different common names, including the cotton bollworm and the tomato fruitworm. If it no longer meets these criteria, you can reassess it. General information for helicoverpa zea nucleopolyhedrovirus. In this work, a broad microscopic examination of adult helicoverpa zea boddie males. We carried out wholegenome resequencing of helicoverpa moths from brazil in two temporal samples. Corn earworm, helicoverpa heliothis zea boddie lepidoptera. Tomato and pepper fields should not be planted near or adjacent to postsilking corn fields.
Elisa tests were conducted according to the protocols procedure manual envirologix, quantiplatetm kits, portland, me, usa. Corn earworm moth helicoverpa zea boddie, 1850 synonyms. In shortrange dispersal, the moths move within the crop and low over the foliage. While helicoverpa armigera is a problem in many parts of the old world. It has since been reported from the distrito federal, the southern state of parana specht et al. Noctuidae, although the virus can also infect a number of other insect lepidopteran cell lines. Related to the nudiviruses gryllus bimaculatus nudivirus and oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus ornv, the hzv1. Noctuidae 3 feeding is a prerequisite for high levels of egg production. General information about helicoverpa zea helize eppo global database. Hindwing whitish with dark gray veins and border, with surrounds whitish patch at midpoint of. Corn earworm does not overwinter successfully in the northern states beyond 40 degrees north latitude. In this study, we characterized the response of helicoverpa zea boddie pupae to low. Allah bakhsh, nigde omer halisdemir university, turkey. Lyonet s gland of the tomato fruitworm, ihelicoverpa zea.
Helicoverpa armigera versus helicoverpa zea lepidoptera. Pond road, rocky mount, nc 27801, and 4corresponding author, email. Rapid identification of helicoverpa armigera and helicoverpa. A new synonym of helicoverpa zea boddie naldc usda. Here, we characterize the early evolutionary outcomes following secondary contact between invasive helicoverpa armigera and h.
This insect also feeds on a number of weeds during the year and among its crop host maize which is the preferred host. Helicoverpa zea populations in the southern united states. Rapid identification of invasive species is crucial for deploying management strategies to prevent establishment. The corn earworm helicoverpa zea boddie and the old world bollworm helicoverpa armigera hubner lepidoptera. Corn earworm cew can cause significant economic damage to sweet corn, field corn, tomatoes, cotton, and snap beans. Helicoverpa zea is a seasonal, nocturnal migrant, and adults disperse, weather permitting, when there are poor reproductive conditions.
Know the enemy to manage it better about helicoverpa helicoverpa often called heliothis is a serious pest of southern queensland crops, particularly grain legumes, summer grains and cotton. However, adult moths are highly dispersive and migrate north. Helicoverpa armigera, a serious insect pest of several agriculturally important grain and fiber crops tan et al. Jul 20, 2014 a helicoverpa zea tambem tem habito canibal. Systematics a new synonym of helicoverpa zea boddie and. Ascoviruses cause disease in lepidopteran larvae and pupae, and have been reported most commonly from species of the family noctuidae, including trichoplusia ni, heliothis virescens, helicoverpa zea, spodoptera frugiperda and autographa precationis. Enhancing biological control of corn earworm, helicoverpa zea and thrips through habitat management and inundative release of trichogramma pretiosum in corn cropping systems. In europe, asia, africa, and australia the species is helicoverpa armigera. Heliothis zea npv indicate that it is virtually innocuous to people, wildlife and other nontarget organisms. The corn earworm, helicoverpa zea boddie, is a major pest of bacillus thuringiensis bt maize and cotton in the u. Manejo integrado del gusano elotero helicoverpa zea. Hznv1 was isolated as a persistent virus of an insect cell line derived from helicoverpa zea lepidoptera. Heliothis zea virus 1 also known as heliothis zea nudivirus 1. Helicoverpa zea, commonly known as the corn earworm, is a species formerly in the genus heliothis in the family noctuidae.
Morphological similarities make differentiation of h. This fact sheet summarizes the information in the red for heliothis zea npv. Helicoverpa species valent biosciences biorational crop. For publication in journals, books or magazines, permission should be obtained from the original photographers with a copy to eppo. Pdf the helicoverpaheliothis complex can cause serious damage to agricultural crops. Environmental fate ecotoxicology human health a to z index home. Their lumen is substantially smaller than the silk gland lumen lgl, sgl.
In the relatively mild pacific northwest, corn earworm can overwinter at least as far north as southern washington. Helicoverpa heliothis zea applying insecticides based upon the threshold and in conjunction with cultural controls will reduce the number of applications. Helicoverpa zea was also previously listed in the genus heliothis under the name heliothis obsoleta e. Adults are variable in color, but the front wings are usually yellowishbrown and bear a small dark spot near the center. Helicoverpa armigera is widely distributed throughout the old world africa, asia, europe, australasia, and oceania in early 20, h. Author links open overlay panel roshan manandhar a b 1 mark g. Media in category helicoverpa zea the following 32 files are in this category, out of 32 total. Crossspecies investigation of helicoverpa armigera. Key words invasive species, corn earworm, old world bollworm, cotton, corn. Helicoverpa zea populations in the southern united states bollworm or helicoverpa zea is a very mobile species with larvae that are polyphagous and damage several crops during multiple generations each growing seasons. Corn earworm, helicoverpa zea, is found throughout the united states us except alaska. Characteristics of polymorphic microsatellite markers in. Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature top of page the taxonomic situation is complicated and presents several problems.
For more multimedia, look at helicoverpa zea on wikimedia commons. Heliothis zea npv caused no adverse effects in any acute oral, dermal, inhalation or intravenous toxicity test. The corn earworm, helicoverpa zea boddie, is a common. Adaptive introgression across semipermeable species. Pest status and management of corn earworm lepidoptera. Differences between two populations of bollworm, helicoverpa zea. Characteristics of polymorphic microsatellite markers. Moth photographers group at the mississippi entomological museum at. Heliothis zea npv heliothis zea nuclear polyhedrosis virus heliothis zea npv, which is sold under the trade name elcar, is a microbial insecticide made from a naturallyoccurring virus of the cotton bollworm and tobacco budworm. Common hostorigin combinations for the two most frequently intercepted species of helicoverpa h. Enhancing biological control of corn earworm, helicoverpa. Before his study, both species were includedin heliothisoschenheimer.
Helicoverpa zea boddie, bollworm, is a polyphagous pest that. Although the exact evolutionary relationship between h. The corn earworm, helicoverpa zea, has a wide host range, attacking many cultivated crops and weeds throughout the u. Helicoverpa zea is a mediumsized moth fw length 16 20 mm with a mottled dull ochrebrown to orangebrown forewing with a light terminal area and a pale hindwing with dark veins and dark gray marginal band with light spots near the outer margin that is found in most of the northwest during late summer and fall. Kingdom animalia phylum arthropoda class insecta order lepidoptera family noctuidae genus helicoverpa. A complete list of the host and origin data for helicoverpa spp. Contact individual photographers for permission to use for any purpose. Trichogramma ostriniae pang et chen ostrinia nubilat. How to survive alone in the wilderness for 1 week eastern woodlands duration. Oct 29, 2015 recent helicoverpa armigera hubner invasions and subsequent establishment in south america has increased the risk of this species invading north america.
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